Yarn
Yarn
is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in
the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving,
embroidery, and ropemaking.Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing
by hand or machine. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished
with wax or other lubricants to withstand the stresses involved in
sewing. Embroidery threads are yarns specifically designed for hand or
machine embroidery.
Types of yarns
1- Staple Yarn
2- filament Yarn
Staple Yarn
A
staple is a fibre of a standardized length and may be of any
composition, but a wool staple is an independent natural cluster of
fibres not a single fibre. A continuous fibre such as natural silk or
synthetic is known as a filament rather than a fibre.
Staple
length, a property of staple fibres, is a term referring to the average
length of a group of fibres of any composition. Staple length depends
on the origin of the fibres. natural fibres (such as cotton or wool)
have a range of lengths in each sample, so the staple length is an
average. For synthetic fibres which have been cut to certain length, the
staple length is the same for every fibre in the group.
Staple length is an important criterion for spinning fibre, as shorter fibres are more difficult to spin than longer ones, the former also resulting in more hairy yarns.
For cotton and wool, staple length was originally tested by hand, the tester removing a clump of fibre and then arranging it on a dark cloth for measurement. In the 70s machines were invented to do this task, taking around 5 minutes for cotton and for wool around 20 minutes. Today, machinery can take the measurement in seconds
Staple length is an important criterion for spinning fibre, as shorter fibres are more difficult to spin than longer ones, the former also resulting in more hairy yarns.
For cotton and wool, staple length was originally tested by hand, the tester removing a clump of fibre and then arranging it on a dark cloth for measurement. In the 70s machines were invented to do this task, taking around 5 minutes for cotton and for wool around 20 minutes. Today, machinery can take the measurement in seconds
Filament Yarn
The
opposite term is filament fibre, which is fibre that comes in
continuous to near continuous lengths for use. Silk, taken from the
cocoon of a silkworm, is a filament. Synthetic fibres can also be
manufactured as filament. If the filament is then cut into discrete
lengths, it becomes staple fibre.
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